Maternal anaemia impact on maternal and perinatal outcome an observational study at University Hospital of Sindh

Abstract

Anemia in pregnancy constitutes a major public health problem in developing countries and is 
associated with adverse maternal and perinatal outcome. The objective of the study is to determine the 
prevalence of anemia in pregnancy and its impact on maternal and perinatal outcome. The specific plan 
or protocol for conducting the study is descriptive case series. This retrospective study was carried out 
from May 2011 to May 2012 in the department of Gynecology and Obstetrics (Unit-I) of Liaquat 
University of Medical & Health Sciences Sindh. A total 1225 women irrespective of reproductive age, 
social economic, educational and residential status were included in the study. Women with other 
medical disorders except anemia were excluded from the study. The women who fulfilled the inclusion 
criteria were interviewed and the data was recorded on a predesigned proforma that recorded the Hb 
estimation, gest age, BMI, Parity, perinatal outcome (live birth, still birth, intrauterine death( IUD), IUGR 
(in intrauterine growth restriction).Univariate analysis was performed and also multivariate analysis was 
undertaken to control for confounding factors. Among 1225 women, 688were anemic (Hb< 11gm) 
prevalence of anemia was (56.1%). Risk of preterm delivery was 56.25%. Antepartum hemorrhage was 
found in 44(6.4%) patients. Retained placenta in 9(1.3%). PPH was found in 28(4.1%). Sepsis was noted 
in 125(18.2%). Maternal death occurred in 6(0.9%). Low birth weight was found in 96(14.0%).Perinatal 
mortality was 16(2.3%). Intrauterine death in 61(8.9%), low Apgar score at 1 minute was 69(10.0%) and at 
5 minute was 16(2.3%) respectively. Anemia in pregnancy is associated with adverse maternal and 
perinatal outcome.