Effect of nitrates on embryo induction efficiency in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
Keywords:
Gossypium hirsutum L, callus induction,, somatic embryogenesis, nitrogen sources, plant regeneration.Abstract
Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cv Coker-312 callus culture was assessed in terms of its usefulness as
a system for investigating the effect of nitrates from different chemical compounds of nitrogen on
embryo induction percentage in calli as the plant growth and cell differentiation mainly based on
nitrogen. Both sources and amount of nitrogen in in vitro medium have significant effects mainly on
cell growth, embryogenesis and the production of anthocyanin. Anthocyanin production is the best
indication of inhibition of cell growth in in vitro culture of cotton. Embryo induction rate was high when
NH4NO3 was eliminated from the medium but in the presence of KNO3. The dicotyledenary embryos
were developed with in 5 weeks, these embryos developed into normal plantlets immediately when they
were cultured on a simple MS basal medium supplemented with 3% glucose.
