An evaluation of milk quality in and around Rawalakot Azad Kashmir

Abstract

The present study was conducted to evaluate the quality of milk from Rawalakot and its surroundings. 
Milk samples were collected from house hold animal, milkman and restaurant milk in order to assess 
the hygienic status of raw milk, which was collected from three different parts of the city, Rawalakot 
Azad Jammu and Kashmir. It was observed that the milk samples which were collected from house hold 
milk showed better quality compared to the other two sources. For the assessment of adulterants, clot
on-boiling (COB), alcohol perception and methyleneblue tests were conducted. In COB test, the result 
was 29% positive in house hold animal milk, 38% in milkman and 38% in restaurant milk; whereas, in 
COB test, results of milkman and restaurant milk were similar. The results of alcohol tests showed 
variation among the three sources of milk: in household animal milk (APT) it was 34%; 44% in milkman 
and 34% in restaurant milk. Methyleneblue test results show variation among the three sources; the 
mean values of A+, B+, C+ and D+ for HH were 29, 44, 17, 11 and 14%; 62, 11, 14% were recorded for 
MM; whereas 14, 33, 33 and 11%, in RM, respectively. The quality of milk was different in all three 
sources. Milk composition was assessed by specific gravity, fat % and acidity test. The result of Gerber 
test (fat% age) shows slight variation among the three sources of milk (7.00%, 6.31% and 5.55), 
respectively. The results of specific gravity were 0.128 g/ml for house hold, 1.027 g/ml for milkman and 
0.125 g/ml for restaurant milk, respectively. All three sources showed low specific gravity than 
standards. The result of acidity test shows slight difference in all three sources of milk. The acidity of 
milk samples was recorded as 0.18 in house hold milk, 0.21 for milkman milk and 0.19 in restaurant milk. 
The acidity was higher than the standard values in both milkman and restaurant milk. In organoleptic 
test, the result was based on sensory evaluation and scoring system. The lowest value was 5.5 and 
highest value was 7.4. As the results show the HH animal milk was graded as good compared to the 
other two sources of milk.